FX2 USB LINUX DRIVER
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You may use these in any order. For EZ-USB family devices, the hardware's first stage loader supporting the 0xA0 vendor request can't write into external memory.
At this writing, all that firmware is statically linked into the appropriate mini-driver. Plus, it's easier to distribute updated firmware if you don't need to upgrade a kernel driver to do that. Depending on the device and firmware in use, the -s option may also be necessary to specify a second stage loader.
When supported directly by the Linux kernel, these devices appear just like any other kind of serial port. This web page is designed as a community resource, with cross links to related projects as well as hosting some Linux-focused efforts directly. For end user scenarios, it hooks up easily ,inux hotplug utilities. Lines beginning with a " " character are ignored, and may be used to hold copyright statements and other information.
It then appears with new device descriptors and functionality, as provided by the firmware which has been downloaded. Configurations that put firmware into external memory thus need a second stage loader.
These 0xA2 and 0xA3 vendor commands are conventions defined by Cypress. You could run simple tests that transferred control, bulk, or isochronous traffic.
Note that when downloading firmware that renumerates, there's no point in changing linus device permissions or creating a symbolic link. At this writing, "usbfs" is a kernel configuration option. The symlink would be removed by some other component on device unplug.
fxload (8) - Linux Man Pages
Plugging EZ-USB devices into a Linux system runs device-specific scripts, which can download the appropriate firmware hexfile. Both of these can help simplify software applications that need to talk to USB devices using user mode drivers, don't want to run with privileges or to examine all of the existing USB devices, and which don't need more kernel drivers. It can also change their access modes. By default, those nodes are only accessible by privileged users, which oinux help when the user mode device driver needs to run without root privileges.
The FX2 doesn't support quite as many endpoints six plus controlbut it does handle multibuffered uusb speed transfers in hardware. A number of them need to download firmware before they are usable. Note that this only supports the 0xA3 vendor command, to write external memory. This is less preferable in part because much device firmware is provided with GPL-incompatible licensing, and in part because storing such firmware firmware wastes kernel memory.
EZ USB on Linux
This is provided by the Linux kernel as part of USB hotplugging. That means that device drivers relying on user mode firmware downloading may need to depend on that kernel configuration option. Other tools may not handle hexfiles using this extension. Someone could usefully limux a Free Software version.
Their Linux support builds on the common kernel and user mode USB infrastructure, which you can read about elsewhere on this site. For in-the-field product updates, or for developers, you can use a specialized second stage loader to write the boot EEPROMs.
f2
Kernel device drivers can do the downloads, but then the firmware just locks down kernel memory. That means computers need to download firmware to such devices before they're used.
Cypress EZ-USB FX2 - LinuxTVWiki
The Linux system will typically be much more powerful, since it has at least a bit processor and richer software environment. Normally, firmware will then "renumerate" by disconnecting from USB and then reconnecting as a new device.
Devices that also have off-chip memory use the two stage loader mode. As a last step when loading firmware, fxload normally overwrites this second stage loader with parts of the firmware residing on-chip.
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